Important naturally occurring peptide hormone- Insulin, is produced by beta cells in the pancreas. Insulin acts as a fuel in the body to convert glucose into energy, by absorbing glucose into the cells and help to keep blood sugar levels normal.

Diabetes is a chronic disease that occurs when pancreas does not function properly, or no longer produces or makes a good amount of insulin in body. High glucose levels affect and damage various organs and tissues of the body.

Types

Type 1 Diabetes – It is a type of an autoimmune disease, where pancreas does not produce insulin.

Type 2 Diabetes- A type of chronic disease, where body does not use insulin.

Type 3 Diabetes- It is called as Gestational Diabetes, when insulin is less effective during pregnancy.

Risk factors

  • Family history

  • Environmental factors

  • Increasing age

  • Unhealthy eating, poor nutrition

  • Lack of exercise

  • Overweight

  • High BP

  • Exposure to some viral infections

Sign and Symptoms

Warning signs in diabetes are:

  • Frequent urination

  • Weight loss

  • Lack of energy

  • Excessive thirst

  • Blurred vision

  • Slow wound healing

  • Tiredness

  • Vomiting and stomach pain

  • Abdominal obesity

Seek the medical attention, if you see these signs and symptoms

These symptoms can be mild or absent in type 2 diabetes.

Reduce your risks

  • Weight loss improves insulin resistance and reduce hypertension

  • Swimming

  • Cycling

  • Dancing

  • Brisk dancing

  • Maintain sleeping patterns and duration

  • Stress and depression

  • Quit smoking and alcohol

30 minutes of exercise a day can reduce risk of diabetes

Interesting Facts

  • Type 2 diabetes is much more common than Type 1 diabetes and accounts for around 90% of all diabetes worldwide.

  • Type 3 diabetes or gestational diabetes is characterized by hyperglycemia, or raised blood sugar, which is first recognized during pregnancy.

  • Although people may live for years with diabetes, their cause of death recorded is heart disease or kidney failure.

  • 80% of diabetes death are now found in developing countries.

  • Lack of awareness and health service in diabetic patients can lead to complications such as blindness, amputation and kidney failure.

  • 70% of Type 2 diabetes risk can be reduced by healthy eating habits and physical exercise.

  • Type 1 diabetes, it cannot be prevented. Healthy life is an important part of effective management of the disease.

  • Diabetes in children have increased worldwide.

  • Diabetes can be prevented. Healthy lifestyle like eating habits and physical exercise is an important part of managing all types of diabetes.

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